Pharmacy of the World

Journey

The Indian pharmaceutical industry plays a significant role globally, with a 20% share in the export of generic drugs and a 60% share in the supply of low-cost vaccines. Due to affordable healthcare and drugs, India has a 36% lower per person disease burden (DALY), as per data accumulated in 1990-2016. It is the third largest pharma player in terms of Volume and 14th largest in terms of Value. In 2021-22, the Indian pharma industry had a total market size of USD 50 Bn. It creates 2.7 million jobs created directly and indirectly.

Evolution over the years: A brief timeline

1947-1960s

Taking Off

Over 80% of the market is controlled by foreign companies

1947-1960s

Taking Off

Limited domestic production, reliance on imported medicines

1947-1960s

Taking Off

1954 Industrial Policy Resolution focusing on self-reliance in pharmaceuticals

1970-1980s

Growth & Consolidation

Indian companies like Cipla, Sun Pharma, and Dr. Reddy's Laboratories emerge as major players

1970-1980s

Growth & Consolidation

Production of affordable generic versions of off-patent drugs

1970-1980s

Growth & Consolidation

Patent Act of 1970 encourages domestic R&D by restricting product patents and favoring process patents

1970-1980s

Growth & Consolidation

Significant growth in domestic production, leading to reduced dependence on imports

1990-2000s

Globalization & Expansion

Economic reforms open doors for foreign investment and technology transfer, ushering in a new era of globalization

1990-2000s

Globalization & Expansion

Indian companies begin supplying bulk drugs and formulations to global markets

1990-2000s

Globalization & Expansion

Increased emphasis on international quality standards, with the 1995 WHO pre-qualification program facilitating exports of generic drugs

1990-2000s

Globalization & Expansion

Rapid growth in CRAMS, with India emerging as a ‘pharmacy of the world’

2010s-2020s

Innovation & Challenges

Focus on developing new drugs and formulations

2010s-2020s

Innovation & Challenges

Indian companies become major players in the biosimilars market, with the first biosimilar (insulin Glargine) approved in India in 2016

2010s-2020s

Innovation & Challenges

Patent expirations, stricter regulatory environment, and competition from China

2010s-2020s

Innovation & Challenges

India becomes the world's largest producer of generic drugs by volume

2020-Present

Innovation & Challenges 1

India ranks 3rd in global pharma production by volume and 14th by value

2020-Present

Innovation & Challenges 2

Increased investments in R&D for new drug discovery and advanced therapies

2020-Present

Innovation & Challenges 3

Focus on biosimilars, vaccines, and medical devices

Industry Overview

The Indian pharmaceutical industry has seen a profound transformation driven by globalization, technological progress, regulatory changes, and increased demand for healthcare products

Current Scenerio

The Indian pharmaceutical market is expected to register a CAGR of 10.70% during 2024-29

Current Scenerio

Evaluated at $40 billion in 2021, projected to reach $130 billion by 2030 and $450 billion by 2047

Current Scenerio

Cumulative inflow of US$21.46 billion of FDI between April 2000 to March 2023

Current Scenerio

USD 11 billion annual trade surplus, making pharma one of the top 5 sectors reducing trade deficit

Market trends

Higher thrust on exploring areas like gene therapies, cell therapies, and targeted therapies, offering more personalized treatment options

Market trends

India is well-positioned to become a global leader in biosimilars, offering affordable alternatives to expensive biological drugs

Market trends

The respiratory therapy segment is expected to witness significant growth due to the rising burden of respiratory diseases

Market trends

Generic drugs segment is expected to show healthy market growth

Market trends

Manufacturing and supply chain processes will see an integration of smart sensors, advanced analytics, and automated workflows

Market trends

Increased Merger & Acquisition activities to consolidate market share, access new technologies, and expand product portfolios.

Market trends

Implementing sustainable practices throughout the pharmaceutical value chain, including reducing environmental impact and optimizing resource usage

Key Players

From established giants leading the way in generics and bulk drugs to innovative startups tackling niche markets and cutting-edge therapies, the Indian pharma industry caters to a global audience. This rich ecosystem fosters healthy competition, fuels research and development, and ultimately delivers a wide array of affordable medicines to patients worldwide

Growth Drivers

A growing middle class with more disposable income and a stronger focus on healthcare

Growth Drivers

India's aging population represents a growing market segment with an increasing need for medication

Growth Drivers

Rising instances of chronic diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular diseases and cancer create demand for more medication

Growth Drivers

Initiatives like ‘Make in India’ and ‘Vision Pharma 2047’ actively promote domestic production and attract investments

Growth Drivers

India is a world leader in generic drug production, offering affordable medicines

Investment Environment (FDIs)

100% FDI allowed under the automatic route for greenfield projects (setting up new facilities)

Investment Environment (FDIs)

74% GDI allowed under automatic route for brownfield projects (acquisitions or expansions)

Investment Environment (FDIs)

Tax breaks, subsidies, and special economic zones create a favorable environment for investors

Investment Environment (FDIs)

Streamlined approval processes

Investment Environment (FDIs)

Budgetary allocations for the Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare grew by 18.6% over 5 years

Investment Environment (FDIs)

Andhra Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh have announced their intentions of setting up pharma parks

Market Share

India has 20% share in the global generic drug supply by volume

Market Share

World's largest supplier of generic medications

Market Share

Indian pharma industry ranks 3rd in the world in terms of volume

Market Share

Ranks 14th in terms of market value

Exports

• India's pharmaceutical exports in 2023-24: $27.9 billion; 9.67% increase from 2022-23

•The top 5 export markets in 2023-24: US, Uk, Netherlands, South Africa, and Brazil

Export (In Rs.Cr.)
Import (In Rs.Cr.)

Csr Contributions

India emerged as a global leader in vaccine production during the COVID-19 pandemic

Csr Contributions

The Serum Institute of India, Bharat Biotech, and other pharmaceutical companies played pivotal roles in manufacturing COVID-19 vaccines

Csr Contributions

Through initiatives like COVAX, Indian vaccine manufacturers collaborated with international organizations and governments to ensure equitable access to vaccines worldwide

Csr Contributions

Many pharmaceutical companies invest in healthcare infrastructure, education, and sanitation programs in rural areas

Csr Contributions

The Indian government and companies regularly organize free health camps and participate in disaster relief efforts

Global Scenerio

Recent geopolitical tensions have highlighted the importance of supply chain security and diversification in the pharmaceutical industry

Global Scenerio

The global aging trend creates long-term demand for pharmaceuticals, benefiting Indian exports

Global Scenerio

India's cost-effective generics are well-positioned to address affordability concerns globally

Global Scenerio

Advancements in AI, big data and digital technologies are transforming drug discovery, clinical trials, and manufacturing processes

Vision & Opportunities

The Vision 2030 for the Indian Pharmaceutical Industry sets ambitious targets that include – reaching a market size of USD 120-130 billion by 2030 and enhancing its global market share to approximately 7.0% by 2030 from the current 3.61%.

Opportunities

  • Supporting state-sponsored health coverage programs and a focus on chronic healthcare could enable universal drug access.
  • Pursuing opportunities in newer product classes such as biosimilars, gene therapy and specialty drugs
  • Capitalizing on its rich demographic dividend - India has a large skilled, yet cost-effective workforce
  • Build innovation position by launching 3-4 new molecular entities and 10-15 incremental innovation
  • Thrust on self-reliance API policy, going forward
pills image

Exciting opportunities in different functional areas

supply chain logo

Supply chain, Mfg., Quality

  • Biosimilar markets could exceed USD 60 billion by 2030, if the industry captures even 10% of this market, it can grow by 13%.
  • Cipla and Dr Reddy's plants declared among the Global Lighthouse Network by World Economic Forum
  • Increasing exports to unpenerated markets like Japan, China, Africa, Indonesia, and Latin America
  • Pharmaceuticals recognized as essential goods by GoI; permissions granted for ensuring continuity of transport and logistics
  • Coordination with industry associations in India and with WHO, IGBA, AAM and others
supply chain logo

Innovation & R&D

  • Regulatory reforms with focus on quality
  • Self-reliance in API
  • Thrust on R&D through incentivizing innovation and industry-academia collaboration
  • Innovation space accounts for 2/3rd of the global market; opportunity to get additional $10-12 Bn in exports from India every year
  • R&D and manufacturing of medical devices for India and the world
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Trade, IP, Patents

  • Leveraging the patent cliff, with drug sales worth USD 251 billion going off-patent
  • Patents for ~$251bn branded drug sales expire between 2018-24
  • Capturing 10% share of the $60bn biosimilars market could grow Indian pharma industry by 13%
  • Optimizing OTC policy or consumerization for the domestic market as it can help maximize scale and reach
  • Patents for branded molecules with cumulative global sales of over USD 251 billion are expected to expire between 2018 and 2024, opening new opportunities for the industry
  • The industry needs to formulate a sharp molecule strategy with superior regulatory and in-market execution excellence
supply chain logo

Sustainability and Social Responsibility

  • The Ayushman Bharat Yojana will enable healthcare access for 40% of India’s population
  • Estimated to benefit 10 crore vulnerable families
  • An opportunity for the pharma industry to help India’s underserved masses with affordable drugs
supply chain logo

Skilling / Training & Employment

  • India has a demographic advantage with largest working population
  • 65% of India’s population is aged less than 35 years to continue for next 30 years
  • 2.25L+ pharmacy students graduate from India's education system
  • Manpower costs are 33% lower than the west

Policies & Schemes

Investors keen on exploring opportunities in the Indian Pharma Market can acquaint themselves with key policies and schemes governing the industry.

policies & schemes

PLI Scheme for promotion of domestic manufacturing of critical KSMs /DIs / APIs in India

Objectives

To promote self-reliance and reduce import dependence in critical APIs. The scheme intends to boost domestic manufacturing of identified KSMs, Drug Intermediates and APIs by attracting large investments in the sector and thereby reduce India’s import dependence in critical APIs.

Fundings

Total committed investment: INR 4,138.41 Cr

Actual investment up to Sep 2022: INR 1,707.37 Cr

Impact: A total number of 249 applications were received under the scheme for the 41 products spread across four target segments. Out of 249 applications, 51 have been approved and employment generation of around 10,598 persons is expected.

policies & schemes

PLI Scheme for Promoting Domestic Manufacturing of Medical devices

Objectives

To boost domestic manufacturing and attract large investments in the Medical Devices Sector.

Fundings

Total committed investment: INR 4,138 Cr

Actual investment up to Sep 2022: INR 1,707 Cr

Impact: In total 42 applications were received under the scheme, out of these 21 applications have been approved with a total committed investment of Rs. 1,058.97 crore and expected employment generation of around 6,411 persons

policies & schemes

PLI Scheme for Pharmaceuticals

Objectives

To provide financial incentives to eligible manufacturers for increasing domestic production of identified bulk drugs and APIs, thereby boosting indigenous manufacturing capabilities.

Fundings

Total committed investment: INR 17,425 Cr

Actual investment up to Sep 2022: INR 15,164

Impact: In total 271 applications have been received and Fifty-five (55) applicants have been selected under the scheme including 20 MSMEs. The scheme is also expected to bring in investment of more than 17,000 crore in the pharmaceutical sector.

policies & schemes

Scheme for Bulk Drug Parks

Objectives

To provide financial assistance and infrastructure support for the development of bulk drug parks, including common facilities and utilities, to attract investments from pharmaceutical companies.

Fundings

Financial outlay of: INR 3000 Cr

Impact: Strengthened domestic manufacturing of bulk drugs and APIs, reduced import dependency, creation of employment opportunities, and enhanced competitiveness of the Indian pharmaceutical industry.

policies & schemes

Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Pariyojana

Objectives

To make quality medicines, consumables, and surgical items available at affordable prices for all and ensure easy availability of the menstrual health services to all women across India.

Fundings

Financial outlay of: INR 490 Cr

Impact: (2021-2022)

  • 1053 new PMBJKs opened
  • 167 new drugs added
  • 46 new surgicals added
  • INR 227.73 Cr increased in sale
  • 11.28 Cr pads sold